日化協 アニュアルレポート2013【英文】

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Exhaustion of resources: Consumption of fossil fuelsTOPICS● Innovations in oil refining technology　 ⇒ Becomes possible to extract double the amount of gasoline● Successful synthesis of speedy drug to remedy syphilis● Discovery that the umami flavor of kelp is produced by glutamic acid● Clarification of full picture of high polymer compounds　 ⇒ Enables the synthesis of nylon, polyethylene, and polypropylene● Toward Japan’s first full-fledged mass production of synthetic fiber (vinylon)　　　　　　　　● Successful development of desulfurization equipmentDevelopment of Petrochemical IndustryPlastics/synthetic fiberIn the second industrial revolution, which advanced in the twentieth century, the main actor as the source of energy shifted from coal to petroleum. Petroleum had immense value for chemistry. As a consequence of the development of high polymer chemistry, many new materials were created from petroleum, beginning with synthetic fiber and plastics. Today petrochemistry still accounts for the main part of the chemical industry. 2020thcenturyFirst half ofthcenturyMid-Mass production becomes possible, increasing the convenience of daily lifePollution and impact on ecosystem: Atmospheric pollution, soil pollution, depletion of the ozone layer, global warming, etc. 060rlythturyr bakelite) createdr from water and air (ammonia)e extractedive medicine) Coal er/synthetic detergentlution, which fostered oal. ich used coal as its raw material, the mid-nineteenth century ell. Various products shifted from logy became an important daily life the ynthetics

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